Multispiral CT
Abbildung 1: Multispiral computed tomography of left atrium and pulmonary veins (back view). 1: LUPV, 2: LLPV, 3: RUPV, 4: RLPV, 5: left atrium back wall.


Keywords: atrial fibrillation,  cryoablation,  Gefäßmedizin,  left atrium,  Multispiral CT,  pulmonary veins

ECG and endograms
Abbildung 2: Record of ECG and endograms during pulmonary veins entries cryoblation. 1: surface ECG (2nd derivation); Endograms: 2–4: mapping “achieve” catheter (LS 2–8), 5–8: diagnostic probe within coronary sinus; Potentials: А) for atriums, V) for ventricles, PV) for pulmonary veins; Gradual blocking of PV potentials and their total disappearance upon reaching PV isolation from LA is displayed.


Keywords: atrial fibrillation,  cryoablation,  ECG,  endogram,  Gefäßmedizin

Cryoablation of LUPV
Abbildung 3a-b: Cryoablation of LUPV. Full obstruction of target vein. 1: Cryoballoon in inflated state at LUPV entry, 2: delivery catheter to LA, 3: 10-polar probe within coronary sinus, 4–8: polar “achieve” catheter in LUPV, 5: contrast stagnation confirms full obstruction of ablating PV


Keywords: atrial fibrillation,  cryoablation,  cryoballoon,  Gefäßmedizin,  LUPV

Cryoconsole display
Abbildung 4: Cryoconsole display during ablation. 1: the curve shows the reached temperature at the point of contact of cryoballon with tissue of LA and PVE, 2: temperature indicator, 3: cryotherapy time indicator


Keywords: atrial fibrillation,  cryoablation,  cryoconsole display,  Gefäßmedizin