Framingham - Herzfrequenz
Figure 1: Increase in heart rate is correlated to mortality due to coronary heart disease (CHD), cardiovascular disease or all causes (modified according to [2])


Keywords: Diagramm,  Framingham-Studie,  Framingham-Studie,  heart rate,  Herzfrequenz,  Studie,  study

SNS-Überaktivität - kardiovaskuläre Erkrankung
Figure 2: Sustained SNS overactivity induces functional and structural changes of different organs leading to cardiovascular diseases.


Keywords: cardiovascular disease,  kardiovaskuläre Erkrankung,  Schema,  sympathetic nervous system,  Sympathikus,  sympathisches Nervensystem,  Überaktivität

SNS-Überaktivität - Hypertrophie
Figure 3: From hypertension to heart failure: SNS overactivity leads to an increase in growth factors responsible for left ventricular hypertrophy, media hypertrophy (coronary microvessels) and fibrosis. The result may be heart failure.


Keywords: Hypertrophie,  Hypertrophy,  overactivity,  Schema,  sympathetic nervous system,  Sympathikus,  sympathisches Nervensystem,  ventricle,  Ventrikel,  Überaktivität

SNS-Überaktivität - Metabolismus
Figure 4: Metabolic changes due to elevated sympathetic tone: SNS overactivity leads to increased glucose production, decreased glucose utilization, increase in triglycerides and VLDL, decrease in HDL and insulin resistance (metabolic syndrome).


Keywords: Cholesterin,  cholesterol,  HDL,  HDL,  insulin resistance,  Insulinresistenz,  metabolism,  Metabolismus,  overactivity,  Schema,  sympathetic nervous system,  Sympathikus,  sympathisches Nervensystem,  triglyceride,  Triglyzeride,  VLDL,  VLDL,  Überaktivität

Moxonidin - Imidazolinrezeptor
Figure 5: Moxonidine selectively stimulates I1-receptors in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM). The sympathetic outflow from the RVLM to the periphery is decreased.


Keywords: Imidazolin,  Imidazoline,  Medulla,  Medulla,  Moxonidin,  moxonidine,  Receptor,  Rezeptor,  Schema,  Stimulation,  Stimulation

Imidazolinantagonisten
Figure 6: There is a strong correlation between the affinity of different I1-agonists at the I1-receptor in the ventrolateral medulla (VLM) and the oral dose needed to lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients. There is no such correlation for Ki at a2-receptors (modified according to [15])


Keywords: Antagonist,  Antagonist,  blood pressure,  Blutdruck,  Clonidin,  Diagramm,  hypertension,  Hypertonie,  Imidazolin,  Imidazoline,  Lofexidin,  Medulla,  Medulla,  Moxonidin,  Receptor,  Rezeptor,  Rilmenidin