Komorowski A et al. | ||
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Hirnbildgebung im forensischen Kontext - Möglichkeiten und Grenzen // Neuroimaging in the forensic context – possibilities and limitations Journal für Neurologie, Neurochirurgie und Psychiatrie 2019; 20 (1): 25-33 Volltext (PDF) Summary Praxisrelevanz Abbildungen
Keywords: Aggression, Forensische Psychiatrie, Lügendetektor, Neurobildgebung, Psychopathie, deception, forensic psychiatry, Neuroimaging In recent years, an increasing number of neuroimaging studies has resulted in a wide range of methodologies probably allowing to decode the human brain and to translate imaging results into legal contexts. Suggested applications include diagnostic procedures and evaluation of therapy for psychiatric disorders, gain of scientific knowledge or detection of deception. Among numerous neuroimaging methods, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) seems to be the most promising technique, given its insignificant side effects. Using MRI, both structural as well as functional measurements can be conducted. In particular, functional MRI techniques for lie detection have been investigated and developed within the last years. Despite substantial neuroscientific advances, neuroimaging methods have not been established during legal proceedings. Most notably, imaging results are not reflective of human behavior in real life situations or determining offending behaviour. Furthermore, internationally accepted medical or legal guidelines for implementation of current methods or standards of quality have not been defined yet. In this article neurobiological basics as well as recent studies are presented and possible applications and limitations within the legal context are discussed. In general, validation and replication of existing results as well as an adequate translation between neurobiological results and the legal system is crucial for the application of neuroimaging in the forensic field.
Kurzfassung: In den Neurowissenschaften hat
in den vergangenen Jahren die Anzahl von bildgebenden
Studien stark zugenommen, sodass
der Einsatz der Neurobildgebung mittlerweile
auch im Bereich des Zivil- oder Strafrechts
diskutiert wird. Anwendungsgebiete bestehen
unter anderem im Rahmen forensischer Begutachtungen
oder Therapieevaluationen, im wissenschaftlichen
Kontext oder auch bei der Lügendetektion. |