| Schoberberger R, Rieder A | ||||
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Rauchen als Risikofaktor für COPD und Asthma sowie die Möglichkeiten zur Rauchertherapie bei selbst stark nikotinabhängigen Rauchern // Smoking as a risk factor for COPD and asthma, as well as the opportunities for smoking therapy Journal für Pneumologie 2017; 5 (1): 13-16 Volltext (PDF) Summary Praxisrelevanz Abbildungen Keywords: Asthma, COPD, Rauchen, stationäre Rauchertherapie, inpatient smoking cessation therapy, Smoking Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which has increasing prevalence. Smoking in asthma patients also has a significantly increased risk of developing COPD. In Austria we have with 33 percent of adults an average high number of smokers. A considerable potential of risk reduction for respiratory diseases would be given by tobacco abstinence. However, the smoking behavior, due to psychosocial but also pharmacological components, is so dominant in many tobacco users that they have not enough self-efficacy for cessation, even in the presence of tobacco-related diseases. For heavily nicotine-dependent smokers, often seen among COPD patients, inpatient smoking therapy provides a way to achieve tobacco abstinence. In a sample of 55 patients with respiratory diseases were about 30% still abstinent at 1-year follow-up and almost 20% had a significantly reduced consumption. Approximately 10% of the participants had not been successful and in more than 40% the result is unclear, because they had not participated in the follow-up. Since non-smoking is not only beneficial to health but – as shown by the data from a different sampling of patients of inpatient smoking therapy – also affects the life satisfaction positively, inpatient smoking therapy in COPD patients should be forced.
Kurzfassung: Das Zigarettenrauchen gilt als wesentlicher Risikofaktor für die chronisch obstruktive
Lungenerkrankung (COPD), die steigende Prävalenz aufweist. Rauchende Asthma-Patienten weisen zudem ein deutlich erhöhtes Risiko auf, an COPD zu erkranken. In Österreich rauchen mit 33 Prozent überdurchschnittlich viele Erwachsene.
Ein beträchtliches Potential der Risikominderung für Atemwegserkrankungen wäre daher durch entsprechende Tabakabstinenz gegeben. Das Rauchverhalten ist jedoch aufgrund psychosozialer, aber auch pharmakologischer Komponenten bei vielen Tabakkonsumenten so dominant, dass
sie sich selbst bei Vorliegen tabakassoziierter Erkrankungen
eine Entwöhnung nicht zutrauen. |
