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Asthma bronchiale bei Erwachsenen – Update GINA 2017 und GINA 2019 // Bronchial asthma in adult Journal für Pneumologie 2020; 8 (1): 7-8 Volltext (PDF) Summary Keywords: Asthma bronchiale, Asthmakontrolle, monoklonale Antikörper, Pneumologie, schweres Asthma, Stufentherapie, asthma control, monoclonal antibodies, severe asthma, step by step therapy Bronchial asthma is a heterogenous, multifactorial, chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchi. Young people are mostly affected, but bronchial asthma may also occur in seniors. Asthma is caused by allergic and non-allergic elicitors such as exercise or cold air. Asthma phenotypes are characterized by the type of cellular inflammation, the presence of allergy and the age at the onset of disease. The basis of treatment is inflammation control and antiobstructive treatment according to GINA (www.ginasthma.org). The goal is asthma control providing the patient with a maximum of symptom free days and optimal quality of life. In the near future, new monoclonal antibodies (anti-IL-5, anti-IL-13, anti-IL-4) will be available for the treatment of severe asthma, which will increase asthma control and will significantly reduce asthma exacerbations. Bronchial asthma has also to be treated during pregnancy in order to prevent exacerbations. Treatment with inhaled steroids and short acting beta agonists is considered safe to a great extend.
Kurzfassung: Asthma bronchiale ist eine heterogene, multifaktorielle, chronisch-inflammatorische Erkrankung der Bronchien, die hauptsächlich junge Menschen betrifft, aber auch
bei alten Menschen auftreten kann. Auslöser sind allergische und nicht-allergische Ursachen wie Kälte oder Anstrengung. Die Asthmaphänotypen werden nach Typ der zellulären Inflammation, dem Vorliegen einer Allergie und dem Alter bei Beginn der Erkrankung eingeteilt. |
