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Update Asthma bronchiale 2025 // Update Asthma bronchiale 2025 Journal für Pneumologie 2025; 13 (1): 16-19 Volltext (PDF) Summary Keywords: Asthma bronchiale, Asthmakontrolle, monoklonale Antikörper, schweres Asthma, Stufentherapie, asthma control, bronchial asthma, monoclonal antibodies, severe asthma, step by step therapy Bronchial asthma is a heterogenous, multifactorial, chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchi. Young people are mostly affected, but bronchial asthma may also occur in seniors. Asthma is caused by allergic and non-allergic elicitors such as exercise or cold air. Asthma phenotypes are characterized by the type of cellular inflammation, the presence of allergy and the age at the onset of disease. The basis of treatment is inflammation control and antiobstructive treatment according to GINA (www.ginasthma.org). The goal is asthma control providing the patient with a maximum of symptom free days and optimal quality of life. For the treatment of severe asthma, monoclonal antibodies against IgE, Interleukin 4, Interleukin 5, Interleukin 5 rezeptor, Interleukin 13 and TSLP (thymic stromal lymphopoietin) are available, which will increase asthma control and will significantly reduce asthma exacerbations. Bronchial asthma has also to be treated during pregnancy in order to prevent exacerbations. Treatment with inhaled steroids and short acting beta agonists is considered safe to a great extend.
Kurzfassung: Asthma bronchiale ist eine heterogene, multifaktorielle, chronisch-inflammatorische Erkrankung der Bronchien, die hauptsächlich junge Menschen betrifft, aber auch bei alten Menschen auftreten kann. Auslöser sind allergische und nicht-allergische Ursachen wie Kälte oder Anstrengung. Die Asthma-Phänotypen werden nach Typ der zellulären Inflammation, dem Vorliegen einer Allergie und dem Alter bei Beginn der Erkrankung eingeteilt. |
