MGMT
Figure 1: Effect of MGMT promoter methylation status in glioblastomas. In GBM, hypermethylation of the MGMT promoter results in reduction of MGMT protein, which in turn leads to improved chemosensitivity for TMZ chemotherapy or combined radiochemotherapy. Therefore, MGMT promoter methylation is correlated with improved overall survival in these patients. In contrast, GBM patients with unmethylated MGMT promoter status may have reduced response to radio-/chemotherapy and therefore worse prognosis (mod from [1, 17]).


Keywords: glioblastoma,  MGMT,  scheme

Glioblastoma
Figure 2: Possible genetic pathways in glioblastomas. Glioblastomas can be differentiated into primary GBM (de novo occurrence) or secondary GBM, which originate from either a low-grade diffuse astrocytoma (WHO grade II) directly or via malignant transformation from an anaplastic astrocytoma WHO grade III. It has been demonstrated that both GBM pathways show genetic alterations at different time points and/ or in a different frequency. Some of them are shown in this figure which was modified from the literature [46].


Keywords: genetic pathway,  glioblastoma,  scheme