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DFP/CME: Rationaler Einsatz von Antidepressiva // Rational use of antidepressants Journal für Neurologie, Neurochirurgie und Psychiatrie 2017; 18 (4): 144-151 DFP/CME-Akademie der Ärzte Volltext (PDF) Summary Abbildungen Keywords: Antidepressiva, CYP/450-Interaktion, Diabetes, Krebs, Permeability glycoprotein 1, Übersicht, antidepressant, cancer, CYP/450 interactions, overview Since all antidepressants approved in Austria are equally effective, the optimal individual antidepressant therapy should be chosen according to patients’ experience and preference, possible other effects and side effects, contraindications, pharmacokinetic aspects (especially with respect to the cytochrome P/450 system), and several other considerations. After discussing historical and basic aspects of depression therapy, information on recommended doses of modern antidepressants by substance class is provided. Also, this article gives an overview of further effects of antidepressants, which can either be advantageous, or disadvantageous. These effects include analgesia, sedation and weight gain, platelet aggregation inhibition, libido reduction and sexual dysfunction, gastrointestinal symptoms, as well as risks related to a possible prolongation of QTC time. An overview of cytochrome P/450 metabolism of all common antidepressants, with particular regard of CYP 2D6, CYP 2C19 and CYP 3A4, is presented. Pharmacokinetic interactions as well as genetic underpinnings of „multi drug resistance“ are discussed. Finally, the needs of special patient groups such as elderly, multimorbid people, patients with cancer, as well as type 2 diabetics are discussed. Particularly in these patient groups, antidepressants with low interaction potential and low risk for side effects should be preferred.
Kurzfassung: Da die Wirkstärke der in Österreich
zugelassenen Antidepressiva vergleichbar
ist, sollte die Auswahl eines geeigneten Präparates
nach Vorerfahrungen der Patienten, möglichen
sonstigen Wirkungen und Nebeneffekten,
Kontraindikationen, pharmakokinetischen Aspekten
(insbesondere in Bezug auf das Cytochrom-
P/450-System der Leber), aber auch nach einigen
anderen Gesichtspunkten getroffen werden. Neben
der Erörterung historischer und grundsätzlicher
Aspekte der Depressionstherapie werden
die empfohlenen Dosierungen der gängigen Antidepressiva
gemäß der Fachinformation nach Substanzklassen
geordnet dargestellt. |