Aufschnaiter-Hießböck K et al. | ||||||||||||
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Nervenscheidentumore mit paraspinaler Ausdehnung: Erfahrungen mit individualisierter, interdisziplinärer und funktionserhaltender Therapiestrategie // Spinal nerve sheat tumors with paraspinal extension Journal für Neurologie, Neurochirurgie und Psychiatrie 2024; 25 (2): 38-43 Volltext (PDF) Summary Abbildungen
Keywords: Arteria vertebralis, Nervenplexus, Nervenscheidentumor, Neurochirurgie, paraspinales Schwannom, „dumbbell- shaped“ Schwannom, dumbbell schwannoma, nerve plexus, nerve sheat tumor, neurosurgery, vertebral artery Background: Spinal nerve sheat tumors with paraspinal extension, often referred to as „hourglass neurinomas“ or „dumbbellshaped“ schwannomas, are reported in the literature to constitute approximately 6–18 % of all intraspinal neoplasms. The often unfamiliar paraspinal anatomy for neurosurgeons, particularly involving the vertebral artery, pleura, and nerve plexus, necessitates a tailored and interdisciplinary therapeutic strategy. Patients and methods: From a prospective cohort of 62 patients (2021–2023) with intraspinal masses, 7 patients (11.3%) presented with nerve sheat tumors extending paraspinally (4 male, 3 female, ages 28–76 years, mean age 46.1 ± 16.7 years). Four tumors were located in the cervical region, one thoracic, one lumbar, and one sacral. The individualized, interdisciplinary surgical strategy regarding surgical approach and extent of resection, as well as clinical presentation and outcomes, were analyzed. The goals were maximal resection, preservation of neurological function, and maintenance of stability through a unilateral approach. Results: All surgeries were performed under multimodal neuromonitoring, with the spinal component of the tumors removed via hemilaminectomy/ unilateral facet-joint resection. In 4 out of 7 patients (57%), a total excision was achieved, one tumor was extensively biopsied, and in two cases, a calculated residual tumor was left. A tumor extending into the brachial plexus was resected in a second interdisciplinary step with plastic surgeon collegues via an anterolateral approach. In a case of cervical schwannoma with vertebral body erosion, a corporectomy and 360-degree stabilization with carbon implants were performed in a second step. None of the patients experienced postoperative motor deterioration or autonomic nervous system disturbances. Preoperative ataxic disturbances showed regression. At the 6 and 12-month follow-up, there was no evidence of spinal instability in any patient. Conclusion: The complex growth of „dumbbellshaped“ nerve sheat tumors can necessitate interdisciplinary collaboration with plastic or thoracic surgeons. Our treatment strategy is based on a tailored surgical approach, prioritizing the preservation of neurological function through multimodal intraoperative neuromonitoring. To maintain spinal stability, even with significant intradural tumor components, hemilaminectomy is preferred as the surgical access. If stabilization surgery is required, carbon instrumentation is used due to reduced artifact presence.
Kurzfassung: Hintergrund: Spinale Nervenscheidentumore
mit Ausdehnung nach paraspinal
(histologisch meist Schwannome und als „Sanduhrneuriome“
oder „dumbbell-shaped“-Schwannome
bezeichnet) werden in der Literatur mit ca. 6–18 %
aller intraspinalen Neoplasien angegeben. Die für
Neurochirurgen oft ungewohnte paraspinale Anatomie,
insbesondere ein Involvieren von Arteria
vertebralis, Pleura und Nervenplexus, macht eine
individuelle bzw. interdisziplinäre Therapiestrategie
nötig. |