Seidel S |
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DFP/CME: Melatonin – Stellenwert in der Pathophysiologie und Therapie der Demenz vom Alzheimertyp // Melatonin – importance in pathophysiologie and therapy of Alzheimer’s disease Journal für Neurologie, Neurochirurgie und Psychiatrie 2019; 20 (2): 58-62 DFP/CME-Akademie der Ärzte Volltext (PDF) Summary Praxisrelevanz Keywords: Alzheimer, Demenz, Melatonin, Neurologie, Schlafstörung, dementia, sleep disorder Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia with an increasing prevalence in the general population. The personal and financial caregiver burden due to e.g. sleep-wake-rhythm disorders is remarkably high. Therefore the need for preventive treatment options is high. Melatonin is a pleiotropic neurohormon, secreted mainly by the pineal gland and known mainly for its chronobiotic properties. With increasing age the nocturnal peak level of melatonin decreases, leading to sleep fragmentation and disruption of the circadian sleep-wake cycle and potentially increasing the rising for cognitive decline in the elderly. Melatonin and its metabolites also modulate multiple pathways which play important roles in the pathophysiology of AD (e.g. Aβ deposition, formation of neurofibrillary tangles). Clinical studies with patients with mild cognitive impairment or AD have shown improved sleep efficiency, mood and cognitive performance. Unfortunately, dosing of exogenous melatonin and assessment of relevant clinical parameters varies significantly between the studies and to date, prospective studies in healthy elderly patients are lacking.
Kurzfassung: Die Demenz vom Alzheimertyp
(DAT) ist die häufigste Demenzform mit einer ansteigenden Prävalenz in der Allgemeinbevölkerung.
Die persönliche und finanzielle Belastung der Betreuungspersonen („Caregiver“) ist u.a. durch die begleitenden Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmusstörungen hoch. |