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Cannabidiol in der Psychiatrie: Hoffnungsträger oder Schall und Rauch? // Cannabidiol for the treatment of psychiatric disorders: a new hope or smoke on the water? Journal für Neurologie, Neurochirurgie und Psychiatrie 2021; 22 (3): 136-140 Volltext (PDF) Summary Praxisrelevanz Keywords: Angststörung, Bipolare Störung, Cannabidiol, CBD, Depression, Psychiatrie, Schizophrenie, Substanzgebrauchsstörungen, THC, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, substance use disorder With the growing interest and wider accessibility of cannabidiol, the question arises whether there is a place for this substance in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Due to the different neurochemical effects of cannabidiol (CBD) in contrast to the better known delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), CBD is expected to have lower psychosis-promoting, cognitive, and motor effects through cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, but also through receptor-independent mechanisms. While preclinical research has come to a more detailed understanding of CBD‘s efficacy, more clinical studies are needed. Now that the number of scientific papers on this topic has increased significantly, tentative conclusions can be drawn about the usefulness and efficacy of CBD in psychiatry. In summary, it was found that there is insufficient data for depressive and bipolar disorders, while low efficacy is suspected for cannabis or tobacco use disorder, positive symptoms of schizophrenia, and social phobia. The only cautious recommendation that can be made to date for psychiatric indications is for use in cannabis withdrawal. Sedation and dizziness have been reported in studies as the most common side effects of this treatment; furthermore, the low bioavailability at dosing must be considered. Overall, the study results of CBD so far, except for the positive effect on cannabis withdrawal symptoms, are inconclusive, although it is important to mention that a larger number of high quality randomized controlled trials are needed to make a definitive statement regarding the role of this substance in psychiatry.
Kurzfassung: Bei dem wachsenden Interesse
und der breiteren Zugänglichkeit von Cannabidiol
stellt sich die Frage, ob es für diese Substanz
einen Stellenwert in der Behandlung von
psychiatrischen Erkrankungen gibt. Aufgrund
der unterschiedlichen neurochemischen Wirkung
von Cannabidiol (CBD) im Gegensatz zu
dem besser bekannten Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
(THC) wird eine geringere psychosefördernde,
kognitive und motorische Wirkung
erwartet, da CBD so wie THC, wenn auch unterschiedlich,
über die Cannabinoid-Rezeptoren
CB1 und CB2, aber auch über Rezeptor-unabhängige
Mechanismen seine Wirkung entfaltet. |