| Srekl-Filzmaier P et al. | ||||||||||
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Personalisierte chirurgische Behandlungen bei Erkrankungen der aufsteigenden Aorta // Personalized surgical treatments for diseases of the ascending aorta Journal für Kardiologie - Austrian Journal of Cardiology 2026; 33 (3-4): 64-69 Volltext (PDF) Summary Abbildungen Keywords: Aorta ascendens, Ascendensaneurysma, Bentall-Operation, David-Operation, PEARS, Ross-PEARS, Wurzelaneurysma, ascending aneurysm, ascending aorta, root aneurysm Diseases of the ascending aorta include degenerative aneurysms, genetically determined aortopathies, and acute as well as chronic aortic dissections. Traditional therapeutic decision-making based primarily on the maximum aortic diameter does not adequately reflect the individual risk profiles of patients. Consequently, the concept of personalized medicine has gained increasing importance in recent years, incorporating genetic, anatomical, functional, and clinical factors. Two main phenotypes are distinguished: the root phenotype and the ascending phenotype, which differ significantly in patient characteristics, valve involvement, and pathogenesis. Degenerative aneurysms predominantly occur in the ascending phenotype, whereas genetic aortopathies are associated with an increased risk of dissection and rupture at comparatively smaller diameters. Therefore, surgical indication is increasingly individualized, taking into account growth rate, family history, genetic findings, comorbidities, and patient preference. In genetic syndromes, significantly lower threshold values for intervention apply compared to standard criteria. In addition to conventional aortic replacement, a wide range of valve-sparing and personalized surgical techniques is available, including the David procedure, Bentall procedure, Lansac technique, and innovative approaches such as Aortic PEARS (Personalized External Aortic Root Support) and Ross-PEARS. These latter techniques allow external stabilization of the aorta while preserving native tissue and physiological function. In contrast, acute Standford type A dissections require immediate, situation-adapted surgical intervention. Overall, personalized surgical strategies enable improved risk stratification, functional outcomes, and longterm prognosis.
Kurzfassung: Erkrankungen der Aorta ascendens
umfassen degenerative, infektiöse und entzündliche
Aneurysmen, genetisch bedingte Aortopathien
sowie akute und chronische Aortendissektionen. Die
früher primär am maximalen Aortendurchmesser
orientierte Therapieentscheidung wird den individuellen
Risikoprofilen der Patienten nicht gerecht.
In den letzten Jahren hat sich daher das Konzept
der personalisierten Medizin etabliert, welches genetische,
anatomische, funktionelle und klinische
Faktoren berücksichtigt. |
