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1. Porta S;
Gell H;
Ehrlich B;
Porta J;
Walzl M;
Kisters K
Mg++-Stoffwechselkorrelationen als Diagnose und Prognose beim Sport und bei Hypertonikern
Mg++-Veränderung - Diastolischer Blutdruck - Belastung
Journal für Hypertonie - Austrian Journal of Hypertension 2012; 16 (4): 18-22
Korrelation zwischen Mg++-Veränderungen und Veränderungen von
diastolischem RR vor und nach Belastung.
Mg++-Veränderungen und die Veränderungen des diastolischen RR durch Belastung
sind umgekehrt proportional. Die geringsten Mg++-Veränderungen sieht man bei der
geringsten RR-Änderung. Keywords: Belastung,
Diagramm,
diastolischer Blutdruck,
Hypertonie,
ionisiertes Magnesium
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2. Porta S;
Gell H;
Ehrlich B;
Porta J;
Walzl M;
Kisters K
Mg++-Stoffwechselkorrelationen als Diagnose und Prognose beim Sport und bei Hypertonikern
Diastolischer RR - Herzfrequenz
Journal für Hypertonie - Austrian Journal of Hypertension 2012; 16 (4): 18-22
Korrelation zwischen Veränderungen von diastolischem RR und
Herzfrequenzveränderung vor und nach Belastung.
Die Veränderung von diastolischem Blutdruck und Herzfrequenz ist auch in dieser
Stichprobe umgekehrt proportional. Es ist also bei den höchsten Mg++-Anstiegen
vorher (siehe Abbildung 2) auch der höchste Herzfrequenzanstieg nachher zu erwarten. Keywords: Diagramm,
diastolischer Blutdruck,
Herzfrequenz,
Hypertonie
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3. Porta S;
Gell H;
Ehrlich B;
Porta J;
Walzl M;
Kisters K
Mg++-Stoffwechselkorrelationen als Diagnose und Prognose beim Sport und bei Hypertonikern
Mg++ - Diastolischer RR
Journal für Hypertonie - Austrian Journal of Hypertension 2012; 16 (4): 18-22
Korrelation zwischen Mg++ vor Belastung und diastolischem RR nach
5-minütiger psychischer Belastung mit einem Konzentrationstest. Je höher die Mg++-
Werte vorher sind, desto niedriger sind im Großen und Ganzen die diastolischen
Blutdrücke nachher. Allerdings hat ein Rechenmodell noch bessere Signifikanz, das
dem Abfall eine kurze Anfangssteigerung voransetzt, sodass die Kulmination der
Kurve des diastolischen Blutdrucks etwa bei 0,53 mM/l Mg++ liegt. Keywords: Diagramm,
diastolischer Blutdruck,
Hypertonie,
ionisiertes Magnesium
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4. Porta S;
Gell H;
Ehrlich B;
Porta J;
Walzl M;
Kisters K
Mg++-Stoffwechselkorrelationen als Diagnose und Prognose beim Sport und bei Hypertonikern
Mg++-Korrelation
Journal für Hypertonie - Austrian Journal of Hypertension 2012; 16 (4): 18-22
Korrelation zwischen Mg++ vorher und erreichten Punkten nachher.
Ein hochsignifikanter, linearer negativer Zusammenhang zwischen den Mg++-Werten
vor dem Bewerb und den beim Bewerb erreichten Punktezahlen ist zu sehen.
Diejenigen Teilnehmer, die vor dem Bewerb die höchsten Mg++- und pH-Werte (siehe
auch Abbildung 2) hatten, hatten die besten Chancen auf gutes Abschneiden
beim Bewerb. HIB: Hindernisbahn (Bestwert = 100 Punkte) Keywords: Diagramm,
HIB,
Hypertonie,
ionisiertes Magnesium,
Mg++
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5. Gasser R;
Pätzold S;
Holzwart E;
Ablasser K;
Kraigher-Krainer E;
Friehs I;
Lewinski D;
Pieske B;
Mächler H;
Trantiner-Yates A;
Tscheliessnig KH;
Mangge H;
Porta S;
Gasser S
Immunological Implications in Experimental Myocardial Ischaemia: MPO (Myeloperoxidase) Expression Is Differentially Regulated by Beta-Blockers, While CD80 Expression Remains Unaffected
CD80 Experiments
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2011; 14 (1-4): 16-22
It shows the results from real-time PCR measurements of
all CD80 experiments (o2ko: well-oxygenated, no ischaemia, no
drug; n2ko: experimental ischaemia, no drug; o2at: well-oxygenated,
no ischaemia, atenolol present; n2at: experimental ischaemia,
atenolol present; o2neb: well-oxygenated, nebivolol present; n2neb:
experimental ischaemia, nebivolol present). It can be seen that during
experimental ischaemia, there is an up-regulation of CD80 expression.
There is also a regulation with and without the influence of
beta-blockers during myocardial ischaemia. Keywords: CD80,
flowchart
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6. Gasser R;
Pätzold S;
Holzwart E;
Ablasser K;
Kraigher-Krainer E;
Friehs I;
Lewinski D;
Pieske B;
Mächler H;
Trantiner-Yates A;
Tscheliessnig KH;
Mangge H;
Porta S;
Gasser S
Immunological Implications in Experimental Myocardial Ischaemia: MPO (Myeloperoxidase) Expression Is Differentially Regulated by Beta-Blockers, While CD80 Expression Remains Unaffected
Interleukin Pathway
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2011; 14 (1-4): 16-22
Interleukin pathway up-regulated by nebivolol, not by
atenolol, during experimental ischaemia. Keywords: flowchart,
interleukin
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7. Gasser R;
Pätzold S;
Holzwart E;
Ablasser K;
Kraigher-Krainer E;
Friehs I;
Lewinski D;
Pieske B;
Mächler H;
Trantiner-Yates A;
Tscheliessnig KH;
Mangge H;
Porta S;
Gasser S
Immunological Implications in Experimental Myocardial Ischaemia: MPO (Myeloperoxidase) Expression Is Differentially Regulated by Beta-Blockers, While CD80 Expression Remains Unaffected
MPO Experiments
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2011; 14 (1-4): 16-22
It shows the results from real-time PCR measurements of
all MPO experiments (o2ko: well-oxygenated, no ischaemia, no
drug; n2ko: experimental ischaemia, no drug; o2at: well-oxygenated,
no ischaemia, atenolol present; n2at: experimental ischaemia,
atenolol present; o2neb: well-oxygenated, nebivolol present; n2neb:
experimental ischaemia, nebivolol present). Using PCR for validation,
we find that during experimental ischaemia, there is an up-regulation
of MPO expression. There is a differential regulation between
different beta-blockers during myocardial ischaemia, which warrants
further investigation. Keywords: flowchart,
MPO
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8. Holzwart E;
Gasser S;
Roessl U;
Buehner A;
Ablasser K;
Friehs I;
Pieske B;
Mächler H;
Yates A;
Tscheliessnig KH;
Mangge H;
Porta S;
Gasser R
Effect of Betablockers on the Regulation of PDK (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase) Gene Expression in Both Normoxic and Hypoxic Myocardium
PCR - PDK
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2010; 13 (1-4): 12-18
The results from real-time
PCR measurements of PDK experiments
are illustrated (o2ko: well-oxygenated,
no ischemia, no drug; n2ko:
experimental ischemia, no drug; o2at:
well-oxygenated, no ischemia, atenolol
present; n2at: experimental ischemia,
atenolol present; o2neb: well-oxygenated,
nebivolol present; n2neb: experimental
ischemia, nebivolol present). It
can be seen that, without the influence
of betablockers, there is no significant
regulation of PDK expression during
myocardial ischemia. There is just a
trend towards a decrease in PDK gene
expression. There is, however, a significant
difference between the expression
of PDK during myocardial ischemia in
the presence of atenolol (3.62 ± 0. 18)
and nebivolol (1.97 ± 0.06; ± SEM;
P ≤ 0.05): PDK expression is decreased
during normoxia (trend) and ischemia
(significant) in the presence of nebivolol. Keywords: flowchart,
PCR,
PDK
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9. Holzwart E;
Gasser S;
Roessl U;
Buehner A;
Ablasser K;
Friehs I;
Pieske B;
Mächler H;
Yates A;
Tscheliessnig KH;
Mangge H;
Porta S;
Gasser R
Effect of Betablockers on the Regulation of PDK (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase) Gene Expression in Both Normoxic and Hypoxic Myocardium
PDK
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2010; 13 (1-4): 12-18
In this figure, the results from
microarray measurements of PDK experiments
are illustrated. Pooled DNA data:
Control experiments: Owo: pool control,
well-oxygenated, no ischemia, no drug;
Nwo: pool experimental ischemia, no drug;
Atenolol experiments: O2At: pool welloxygenated,
no ischemia, atenolol present;
N2At: pool experimental ischemia, atenolol
present; Nebivolol experiments: Ob: pool
well-oxygenated, nebivolol present; Nb:
pool experimental ischemia, nebivolol
present. It can be seen that, without the influence
of betablockers, there is no significant
regulation of PDK expression during
myocardial ischemia. While there is no
down-regulation of PDK gene expression
by atenolol, there is a decrease in PDK gene
expression in the presence of nebivolol
both during normoxia and hypoxia. 167Nb,
167Ob, 236N2At and 236O2At are corresponding
single-experiment controls. Keywords: flowchart,
PDK
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10. Holzwart E;
Gasser S;
Roessl U;
Buehner A;
Ablasser K;
Friehs I;
Pieske B;
Mächler H;
Yates A;
Tscheliessnig KH;
Mangge H;
Porta S;
Gasser R
Effect of Betablockers on the Regulation of PDK (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase) Gene Expression in Both Normoxic and Hypoxic Myocardium
Gene expression
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2010; 13 (1-4): 12-18
Gene expression of biological processes associated with
glucose metabolism during normoxia and hypoxia is down-regulated
in human atrial tissue. Up-regulation of gene-expression associated
with glucose metabolism during hypoxia. Keywords: flowchart,
gene expression
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11. Holzwart E;
Gasser S;
Roessl U;
Buehner A;
Ablasser K;
Friehs I;
Pieske B;
Mächler H;
Yates A;
Tscheliessnig KH;
Mangge H;
Porta S;
Gasser R
Effect of Betablockers on the Regulation of PDK (Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase) Gene Expression in Both Normoxic and Hypoxic Myocardium
Gene expression
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2010; 13 (1-4): 12-18
Example of differential regulation of gene expression by atenolol and nebivolol in well-oxygenized preparations: one can see that
numerous biochemical processes are affected by nebivolol but not by atenolol. For example, many processes involved in contraction, lipid
metabolism, and proliferation are down-regulated by nebivolol only (not by atenolol). Reducing lipid metabolism in exchange for an increased
carbohydrate metabolism may render the heart less vulnerable to O2 deficit or ischemia. Keywords: flowchart,
gene expression
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12. Gasser R;
Ablasser K;
Roessl U;
Kraigher-Krainer E;
Lewinski D;
Mangge H;
Mächler H;
Trantina-Yates A;
Tscheliessnigg KH;
Udermann H;
Porta S;
Friehs I;
Scherr E;
Brussee H;
Gasser S
Differential Gene Expression und Nebivolol and Atenolol during Experimental Ischemia in Human Myocardium
Nebivolol - Biological Pathway
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2008; 11 (1-4): 16-23
Concerning nebivolol-regulated biological pathways, we could see that, during normoxia, up-regulation of pathways is hardly pronounced by nebivolol over atenolol. This becomes evident also in Figure 9a, only 3
pathways are affected here. Noteworthy here, too, the interleukin signalling pathway. Keywords: Atenolol,
flowchart,
Nebivolol
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13. Gasser R;
Ablasser K;
Roessl U;
Kraigher-Krainer E;
Lewinski D;
Mangge H;
Mächler H;
Trantina-Yates A;
Tscheliessnigg KH;
Udermann H;
Porta S;
Friehs I;
Scherr E;
Brussee H;
Gasser S
Differential Gene Expression und Nebivolol and Atenolol during Experimental Ischemia in Human Myocardium
Pathway - Up-Regulation
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2008; 11 (1-4): 16-23
Generally, we could see that, during experimental ischemia, upregulation of pathways is minimal by nebivolol over atenolol. This becomes
evident in Figure 9a, only 3 pathways are affected. However, the interleukin signalling pathway may be of interest in connection with inflammation, scarring
and remodelling. Keywords: Atenolol,
flowchart,
ischaemia,
Nebivolol
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14. Gasser R;
Ablasser K;
Roessl U;
Kraigher-Krainer E;
Lewinski D;
Mangge H;
Mächler H;
Trantina-Yates A;
Tscheliessnigg KH;
Udermann H;
Porta S;
Friehs I;
Scherr E;
Brussee H;
Gasser S
Differential Gene Expression und Nebivolol and Atenolol during Experimental Ischemia in Human Myocardium
Biological Pathways
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2008; 11 (1-4): 16-23
In well-oxygenized preparations, we can see that numerous biological pathways, mainly those involved in signalling, angiogenesis, cellular immunity, and EGF are affected by nebivolol but not by atenolol. Keywords: Atenolol,
biological pathway,
flowchart,
Nebivolol
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15. Gasser R;
Ablasser K;
Roessl U;
Kraigher-Krainer E;
Lewinski D;
Mangge H;
Mächler H;
Trantina-Yates A;
Tscheliessnigg KH;
Udermann H;
Porta S;
Friehs I;
Scherr E;
Brussee H;
Gasser S
Differential Gene Expression und Nebivolol and Atenolol during Experimental Ischemia in Human Myocardium
Gene expression
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2008; 11 (1-4): 16-23
It is interesting that nebivolol but not atenolol leads to a downregulation of gene expression in glutamine-glutamate conversion and pyruvate
metabolism, the latter of particular interest in ischemia. Keywords: Atenolol,
flowchart,
gene expression,
Nebivolol
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16. Gasser R;
Ablasser K;
Roessl U;
Kraigher-Krainer E;
Lewinski D;
Mangge H;
Mächler H;
Trantina-Yates A;
Tscheliessnigg KH;
Udermann H;
Porta S;
Friehs I;
Scherr E;
Brussee H;
Gasser S
Differential Gene Expression und Nebivolol and Atenolol during Experimental Ischemia in Human Myocardium
Well-oxygenized preparations
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2008; 11 (1-4): 16-23
In well-oxygenized preparations, we can see that numerous biochemical processes are up-regulated by nebivolol (not by atenolol). Interesting are reverse transcription, stress response, and protein phosphorylation. Keywords: biochemical process,
flowchart
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17. Gasser R;
Ablasser K;
Roessl U;
Kraigher-Krainer E;
Lewinski D;
Mangge H;
Mächler H;
Trantina-Yates A;
Tscheliessnigg KH;
Udermann H;
Porta S;
Friehs I;
Scherr E;
Brussee H;
Gasser S
Differential Gene Expression und Nebivolol and Atenolol during Experimental Ischemia in Human Myocardium
Biochemical process
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2008; 11 (1-4): 16-23
In well-oxygenized preparations, we can see that numerous biochemical processes, mainly those involved in signalling and cellular immunity, are affected by nebivolol but not by atenolol. In the lower part, we can see that many processes involved in contraction, lipid metabolism, and proliferation are down-regulated by nebivolol only (not by atenolol). This kind of
processes, if slowed down, may render the heart less vulnerable to O2 deficit or ischemia. Keywords: biochemical process,
flowchart
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18. Gasser R;
Ablasser K;
Roessl U;
Kraigher-Krainer E;
Lewinski D;
Mangge H;
Mächler H;
Trantina-Yates A;
Tscheliessnigg KH;
Udermann H;
Porta S;
Friehs I;
Scherr E;
Brussee H;
Gasser S
Differential Gene Expression und Nebivolol and Atenolol during Experimental Ischemia in Human Myocardium
Nebivolol - Atenolol
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2008; 11 (1-4): 16-23
Similarly, as in Figure 4, biological processes involved in cell-mediated immunity and reverse transcription are significantly up-regulated by nebivolol and not by atenolol. One may deduce that both cellular immunity
as well as reverse transcription are regulated by nebivolol at various sites. Keywords: Atenolol,
flowchart,
Nebivolol
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19. Gasser R;
Ablasser K;
Roessl U;
Kraigher-Krainer E;
Lewinski D;
Mangge H;
Mächler H;
Trantina-Yates A;
Tscheliessnigg KH;
Udermann H;
Porta S;
Friehs I;
Scherr E;
Brussee H;
Gasser S
Differential Gene Expression und Nebivolol and Atenolol during Experimental Ischemia in Human Myocardium
Nebivolol - Atenolol
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2008; 11 (1-4): 16-23
This figure shows biological processes more than twofold downregulated in the presence of nebivolol but unaffected by atenolol during simulated ischemia (100 % O2 replaced by 100 % N2 perfusion). One can
see that, in particular on the level of reverse transcription and T-cell-mediated immunity as well as in the process of angiogenesis, a noteworthy regulation
is brought about by nebivolol. Keywords: Atenolol,
flowchart,
Nebivolol
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20. Gasser R;
Ablasser K;
Roessl U;
Kraigher-Krainer E;
Lewinski D;
Mangge H;
Mächler H;
Trantina-Yates A;
Tscheliessnigg KH;
Udermann H;
Porta S;
Friehs I;
Scherr E;
Brussee H;
Gasser S
Differential Gene Expression und Nebivolol and Atenolol during Experimental Ischemia in Human Myocardium
Hypoxia
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2008; 11 (1-4): 16-23
Panels A und B show all genes regulated significantly during experimental myocardial ischemia (hypoxia) in the presence and absence of either atenolol or nebivolol. Panel A (red) summarizes all
genes down-regulated by nebivolol compared to those up-regulated by atenolol during hypoxia. N2 control indicates gene expression in ischemic preparations without betablockers. N2 nebivolol indicates gene expression in the presence of nebivolol in ischemic preparations.
The red and green lines indicate the direction of gene regulation. On the left side of panel A, N2 atenolol represents genes upregulated under atenolol during hypoxia. Panel B, accordingly, shows all genes up-regulated by nebivolol which are down-regulated
by atenolol (N2 control here also representing non-treated controls). Keywords: Atenolol,
hypoxia,
Nebivolol
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21. Gasser R;
Ablasser K;
Roessl U;
Kraigher-Krainer E;
Lewinski D;
Mangge H;
Mächler H;
Trantina-Yates A;
Tscheliessnigg KH;
Udermann H;
Porta S;
Friehs I;
Scherr E;
Brussee H;
Gasser S
Differential Gene Expression und Nebivolol and Atenolol during Experimental Ischemia in Human Myocardium
Atenolol - Nebivolol
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2008; 11 (1-4): 16-23
Panels A und B show all genes regulated by either atenolol or nebivolol under non-ischemic, well-oxygenated conditions. Panel
A (red) summarizes all genes down-regulated by nebivolol compared to those up-regulated by atenolol during normoxia. Hence, panel A demonstrates the direct influence of atenolol and nebivolol
on gene expression in well-oxygenated preparations. It can easily be seen that, under optimal conditions, without any sign of ischemia/hypoxia, the effect of nebivolol upon gene expression is quite different
from that of atenolol. O2 control indicates gene expression in well-oxygenated preparations without betablockers. O2 nebivolol indicates gene expression in the presence of nebivolol in non-ischemic,
well-oxygenated preparations. The red and green lines indicate the direction of gene regulation. On the left side of panel A, O2 atenolol represents genes differentially expressed under atenolol during control
conditions. Panel B, accordingly, shows all genes up-regulated by nebivolol which are down-regulated by atenolol (O2 control here also representing untreated controls). Keywords: Atenolol,
Nebivolol
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22. Gasser R;
Ablasser K;
Roessl U;
Kraigher-Krainer E;
Lewinski D;
Mangge H;
Mächler H;
Trantina-Yates A;
Tscheliessnigg KH;
Udermann H;
Porta S;
Friehs I;
Scherr E;
Brussee H;
Gasser S
Differential Gene Expression und Nebivolol and Atenolol during Experimental Ischemia in Human Myocardium
Micriarray experiments
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2008; 11 (1-4): 16-23
Typical results derived from microarray experiments. Light intensities on the microtiter plate reflect gene expression. Keywords: light intensities
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