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Treffer 10961 - 11000 von 11970 |
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10965. Leslie SJ;
Campanella C;
Denvir MA;
Prasad S;
Webb DJ
Endothelin-1 Antagonises Beta-Adrenergic Stimulation in Human Right Atrial Myocardium
Endothelin-1 - Betaadrenerge Stimulation
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 93-94
Effect of endothelin-1 (10 nM) on isoprenaline (10 nM) stimulated human right atrium; black arrow indicates the addition of endothelin-1 (10 nM).
Keywords: beta-adrenergic stimulation,
Betaadrenerge Stimulation,
diagram,
Diagramm,
endothelin-1,
endothelin-1,
Isoprenalin,
isoprenaline,
rechtes Atrium,
right atrium
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10966. Leslie SJ;
Campanella C;
Denvir MA;
Prasad S;
Webb DJ
Endothelin-1 Antagonises Beta-Adrenergic Stimulation in Human Right Atrial Myocardium
Endothelin-1 - Betaadrenerge Stimulation
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 93-94
Effect of isoprenaline (10 nM) and endothelin-1 (10 nM) on force of contraction of human right atrial trabeculae. Keywords: beta-adrenergic stimulation,
Betaadrenerge Stimulation,
diagram,
Diagramm,
endothelin-1,
endothelin-1,
Isoprenalin,
isoprenaline,
rechtes Atrium,
right atrium
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10967. Gasser R;
Gasser S;
Hecking C
Ultraweak Electromagnetic Fields and Sub-Atomic Dynamics - A Possible Subset of Signal-Transduction and -Storage Mechanisms in the Cardiovascular System (Non-Linearity, Small Scale Fluctuations and Predictive Aspects
Leitfähigkeit - Magnesium
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 87-92
Results from own voltage-clamp experiment using isolated cardiac sheep Purkinje strands, where the slope conductance increases when extra-cellular Mg (Mgo) is reduced. The isochronal current-voltage relationship under control conditions (filled triangles) changes after reducing Mgo to near zero (open triangles) and the outward current increases at depolarised potentials. The presence
of 0.3 mM barium decreases the slope conductance to the same values regardless of the presence (closed squares) and absence of Mgo (open squares). Inset: open circles: Bao-sensitivity of currentvoltage relationship in the absence of Mgo, ie, the difference between Mgo sensitive current and Barium-inhibited current-voltage relationship
at near 0 Mgo; filled circles: Mgo-sensitive current-voltage relationship, ie, difference between control and the current-voltage relationship at Mgo near 0 mM. It can be seen clearly that changing concentrations of extracellular divalent cation concentrations affect transmembrane conductance through voltage gated ion channels. Keywords: Barium,
Barium,
conductance,
diagram,
Diagramm,
Leitfähigkeit,
magnesium,
magnesium,
Purkinje strand,
Purkinje-Fasern,
Spannung,
voltage
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10968. Gasser R;
Gasser S;
Hecking C
Ultraweak Electromagnetic Fields and Sub-Atomic Dynamics - A Possible Subset of Signal-Transduction and -Storage Mechanisms in the Cardiovascular System (Non-Linearity, Small Scale Fluctuations and Predictive Aspects
KATP-Kanal - Phosphatabhängigkeit
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 87-92
Ischaemia-induced increase of open-probability of voltage gated ATP-dependent K-channels during high-energy phosphate depletion verified using luciferin-luciferase technique. Slope-conductance
of isochronal current-voltage relationship of a voltage-clamped sheep Purkinje strand from own experiments. The experiment indicates
high energy phosphate dependence of gating properties of certain subjects of transmembrane channels. Modified after [6]. Keywords: diagram,
Diagramm,
high-energy phosphate depletion,
ischaemia,
Ischämie,
KATP-channel,
KATP-Kanal,
open-probability,
Phosphat,
Purkinje strand,
Purkinje-Fasern,
Öffnung
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10969. Gasser R;
Esche G;
Gasser S;
Holzmann S;
Köppel H;
Moosbrugger B;
Salzer M
Indiscriminative Effects of Repaglinide and Other Specific Modulators of Transmembrane KATP-Channel Gating Properties upon Ischaemic/Hypoxic Bovine Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle Relaxation
Koronararterien - Relaxation
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 81-85
A: Iodoacetic acid (IAA), an inhibitor of the glycolytic enzyme G3P-dehydrogenase leads to vasodilation; inhibition by glibenclamide,
repaglinide and glimepiride (B) is insignificant; only a dose of 1 µM repaglinide is able to inhibit IAA-induced vasorelaxation after 10 min by 20 %. Keywords: coronary artery,
diagram,
Diagramm,
Glibenclamid,
glibenclamide,
Glimepirid,
glimepiride,
Koronararterie,
Relaxation,
Relaxation,
Repaglinid,
Repaglinide
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10970. Gasser R;
Esche G;
Gasser S;
Holzmann S;
Köppel H;
Moosbrugger B;
Salzer M
Indiscriminative Effects of Repaglinide and Other Specific Modulators of Transmembrane KATP-Channel Gating Properties upon Ischaemic/Hypoxic Bovine Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle Relaxation
Koronararterien - Relaxation
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 81-85
A: Dinitrophenole (1 mM), an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation invariably leads to vasodilation, the latter is partially inhibited
by glibenclamide in a dose-dependent manner; B: Dose dependent inhibition of DNP-induced vasodilation; note repaglinide’s intrinsic
relaxing activity at higher doses; the inhibition of relaxation is not as pronounced as with glimepiride and glibenclamide; C: Inhibition of DNP induced relaxation is maximal under 3 µM glimepiride; the
effect of a similar dose of glibenclamide is also introduced in this figure in order to demonstrate the approximate equimolar inhibition; glimepiride is a stronger inhibitor of DNP-induced vasorelaxation than glibenclamide. Keywords: coronary artery,
diagram,
Diagramm,
Gilbenclamid,
Gilbenclamide,
Glimepirid,
glimepiride,
Koronararterie,
realxation,
Relaxation,
Repaglinid,
Repaglinide
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10971. Gasser R;
Esche G;
Gasser S;
Holzmann S;
Köppel H;
Moosbrugger B;
Salzer M
Indiscriminative Effects of Repaglinide and Other Specific Modulators of Transmembrane KATP-Channel Gating Properties upon Ischaemic/Hypoxic Bovine Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle Relaxation
Koronararterien - Relaxation
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 81-85
A: Relaxation of bovine coronary arteries during hypoxia (open symbols) and its reversibility by reoxygenation; glibenclamide (2 µM) inhibits hypoxic vasodilation; glibenclamide’s intrinsic relaxing activity can be seen in the reoxygenation curve in form of a slight diminution of recovery; B: Dose dependent inhibition by repaglinide
of hypoxic vasodilation; C: Dose dependent inhibition by glimepiride of hypoxic vasodilation. The intrinsic relaxing activity of glimepiride
can be seen in form of a 17 % initial relaxation of the arteries. This effect was not so pronounced with repaglinide (B). Keywords: coronary artery,
diagram,
Diagramm,
Glibenclamid,
glibenclamide,
Glimepirid,
glimepiride,
hypoxia,
Hypoxie,
Koronararterie,
Relaxation,
Relaxation,
Repaglinid,
Repaglinide
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10972. Gasser R;
Esche G;
Gasser S;
Holzmann S;
Köppel H;
Moosbrugger B;
Salzer M
Indiscriminative Effects of Repaglinide and Other Specific Modulators of Transmembrane KATP-Channel Gating Properties upon Ischaemic/Hypoxic Bovine Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle Relaxation
Koronararterien - KATP-Kanalöffner-Hemmung
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 81-85
Experiment like in Fig. 1A; repaglinide shows competitive inhibition of specific K channel openers (here shown: pinacidil). Keywords: coronary artery,
Cromakalim,
Cromakalim,
diagram,
Diagramm,
Hemmung,
inhibition,
KATP-channel,
KATP-Kanal,
Koronararterie,
Pinacidil,
Pinacidil,
Repaglinid,
Repaglinid
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10973. Gasser R;
Esche G;
Gasser S;
Holzmann S;
Köppel H;
Moosbrugger B;
Salzer M
Indiscriminative Effects of Repaglinide and Other Specific Modulators of Transmembrane KATP-Channel Gating Properties upon Ischaemic/Hypoxic Bovine Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle Relaxation
Koronararterien - Muskelrelaxation
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 81-85
A: Intrinsic relaxing activity of repaglinide in bovine coronary artery in percent of maximal contraction (obtained at the end of each experiment by the addition of 2.66 × 10–4 M papaverine). Strips stabilised in length within 90 min of incubation at about 60 % of maximal shortening; B: Intrinsic relaxing activity of glimepiride at different concentrations like in 1A. Keywords: coronary artery,
diagram,
Diagramm,
Glatte Muskulatur,
Glimepirid,
glimepiride,
KATP-channel,
KATP-Kanal,
Koronararterie,
Relaxation,
Repaglinid,
Repaglinide,
smooth muscle
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10974. Birkenkamp-Demtroeder K;
Bongartz S;
Gams E;
Kupfer C;
Schipke JD;
Schmitt M
Expression of Water Channels in the Human Heart
Aquaporinexpression - Proteinexpression
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 77-79
RT-PCR of total RNA resulting in a fragment of 424 bp shows an expression of water channel AQP4 mRNA in normal human myocardium (right atrial appendage). Keywords: Aquaporin,
Aquaporin,
Expression,
Expression,
myocardium,
Myokard
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10975. Birkenkamp-Demtroeder K;
Bongartz S;
Gams E;
Kupfer C;
Schipke JD;
Schmitt M
Expression of Water Channels in the Human Heart
Aquaporinexpression - Proteinexpression
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 77-79
12 % SDS-PAGE of membrane preparations. a) silverstained b) immuno-stained with anti-AQP1 antibodies. 28 kDa AQP1 protein is marked. Lane (1) and (2) supernatant, lane (4)–(10)
membrane proteins. Lane (1) right ventricular endocardium (2) septum, (3) midrange marker, (4) and (5) right ventricular endocardium,
(6) to (8) septum, (9) and (10) left ventricle endocardium.
Keywords: Aquaporin,
Aquaporin,
Expression,
Expression,
Protein,
Protein,
ventricle,
Ventrikel
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10976. Vértes A
Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasodilation in Young Males with Previous Myocardial Infarction
Flußmediierte Vasodilatation
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 73-76
Flow-mediated vasodilation (FMV) in 1-, 2-, 3-vessel
disease. Keywords: diagram,
Diagramm,
Eingefäßerkrankung,
Mehrgefäßerkrankung,
multi vessel disease,
single vessel disease,
Vasodilatation,
Vasodilatation
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10977. Vértes A
Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasodilation in Young Males with Previous Myocardial Infarction
Flußmediierte Vasodilatation
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 73-76
Flow-mediated vasodilation (FMV) in CAD and non-CAD patients. Keywords: CAD,
coronary artery disease,
diagram,
Diagramm,
flow,
Fluss,
KHK,
Koronare Herzkrankheit,
Vasodilatation,
Vasodilatation
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10978. Vértes A
Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasodilation in Young Males with Previous Myocardial Infarction
Endothel - Vasodilatation
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 73-76
Endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation in single- and multi-vessel disease. Keywords: diagram,
Diagramm,
Eingefäßerkrankung,
Endothel,
endothelium,
Mehrgefäßerkrankung,
multi vessel disease,
single vessel disease,
Vasodilatation,
Vasodilatation
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10979. Vértes A
Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasodilation in Young Males with Previous Myocardial Infarction
Athersoklerose - Endotheliale Dysfunktion
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 73-76
Atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction. Keywords: atherosclerosis,
Atherosklerose,
dysfunction,
Dysfunktion,
Endothel,
endothelium,
Schema,
scheme
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10980. Stoschitzky K;
Donnerer J;
Klein W;
Koshucharova G;
Kraxner W;
Lercher P;
Maier R;
Watzinger N;
Zweiker R
Different Effects of Propranolol, Bisoprolol, Carvedilol and Doxazosin on Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, and Plasma Concentrations of Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
Herzfrequenz - Betablocker
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 69-72
Effects of 80 mg propranolol (Prop), 5 mg bisoprolol (Biso), 50 mg carvedilol (Carv) and 4 mg doxazosin (Doxa) on heart rate during exercise.
* p < 0.05 (compared to placebo); n = 12. Keywords: Belastung,
beta-blocker,
Betablocker,
Bisoprolol,
Bisoprolol,
Carvedilol,
Carvedilol,
diagram,
Diagramm,
Doxazosin,
Doxazosin,
exercise,
heart rate,
Herzfrequenz,
Propranolol,
Propranolol,
rest,
Ruhe
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10981. Stoschitzky K;
Donnerer J;
Klein W;
Koshucharova G;
Kraxner W;
Lercher P;
Maier R;
Watzinger N;
Zweiker R
Different Effects of Propranolol, Bisoprolol, Carvedilol and Doxazosin on Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, and Plasma Concentrations of Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
Herzfrequenz - Betablocker
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 69-72
Effects of 80 mg propranolol (Prop), 5 mg bisoprolol (Biso), 50 mg carvedilol (Carv) and 4 mg doxazosin (Doxa) on heart rate at rest. * p < 0.05; n.s. = not significant (compared to placebo); n = 12.
Keywords: beta-blocker,
Betablocker,
Bisoprolol,
Bisoprolol,
Carvedilol,
Carvedilol,
diagram,
Diagramm,
Doxazosin,
Doxazosin,
heart rate,
Herzfrequenz,
Propranolol,
Propranolol,
rest,
Ruhe
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10982. Selb Semerl J;
Kenda MF
Out of Hospital Sudden Cardiac Death Among Physically Active and Inactive Married Persons Younger than 65 Years in Slovenia
Aktivität - Plötzlicher Herztod
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 63-67
Highest level of physical exertion (Physical Activity Rating Scale) performed by sudden cardiac death victims on the day of death by gender (1: sitting or lying awake; 2: sitting performing easy tasks;
3: very light; 4: light exertion with normal breathing; 5: moderate exertion
with deep breathing; 6: vigorous exertion with panting, overheating; 7: heavy exertion with gasping, much sweating; 8: extreme or peak
exertion). Keywords: Aktivität,
diagram,
Diagramm,
female,
Frau,
gender,
Geschlecht,
Male,
Mann,
physical activity,
plötzlicher Herztod,
sudden cardiac death
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10984. Prichard BNC;
Hughes PR;
Jäger CA;
Küster LJ;
Verboom CN
Dose Relation of Blood Pressure Reduction with Moxonidine: Findings from Three Placebo- and Active-Controlled Randomized Studies
Hypertonie - Moxonidin
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 49-51
Dose-response of reduction in office sitting diastolic blood pressure (SiDBP) at trough with moxonidine. Data illustrate placebocorrected least mean squares changes with 95 % confidence intervals
(not simple means, as shown in Table 2). Keywords: diagram,
Diagramm,
hypertension,
Hypertonie,
Moxonidin,
moxonidine,
Physiotens,
Physiotens,
reduction,
Reduktion,
Studie,
study
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10985. Robles NR;
Angulo E;
Barquero A;
Grois J
Comparative Effects of Fosinopril and Irbesartan on Haematopoiesis in Essential Hypertension
Hypertonie - Erythropoetin
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 45-47
Erythropoietin levels decreased under irbesartan treatment (p < 0.05) and this effect remained until the end of follow-up. Fosinopril showed only a transient decrease of erythropoietin levels. Keywords: diagram,
Diagramm,
Erythropoetin,
erythropoietin,
Fosinopril,
Fosinopril,
haematopoesis,
hypertension,
Hypertonie,
Hämatopoese,
Irbesartan,
Irbesartan
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10986. Claessens P;
Claessens C;
Claessens J;
Claessens M
Strain Imaging: Key to the Specific Left Ventricular Diastolic Properties in Endurance Trained Athletes
Athlet - Ausdauer - Anpassung
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 35-40
Course of the integrated strain curve at the basal and mid septum in the longitudinal axis in the different groups. Keywords: Athlet,
Athlet,
basal septum,
diagram,
Diagramm,
mid septum,
Septum,
strain,
Verformung
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10987. Claessens P;
Claessens C;
Claessens J;
Claessens M
Strain Imaging: Key to the Specific Left Ventricular Diastolic Properties in Endurance Trained Athletes
Athlet - Systole - E/A-Ratio
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 35-40
Measurement of the peak systolic strain rate and the E/A ratio strain rate in the longitudinal or apical long axis. Keywords: E-A-Ratio,
E-A-Ratio,
echocardiography,
Echokardiographie,
strain,
systol,
Systole,
Verformung
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10988. Claessens P;
Claessens C;
Claessens J;
Claessens M
Strain Imaging: Key to the Specific Left Ventricular Diastolic Properties in Endurance Trained Athletes
Athlet - A-Wave
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 35-40
A: Velocity curve (tissue Doppler imaging): localisation of the end of the A-wave and determination the time on the end of the
A-wave at the basal and middle septum in the long apical axis; B: Strain curve: measurement of the strain value at the time of the end
of the A-wave at the basal and middle septum in the long apical axis. Keywords: A-Wave,
A-Wave,
echocardiography,
Echokardiographie,
Gewebedoppler,
strain,
Tissue Doppler,
Verformung
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10989. Claessens P;
Claessens C;
Claessens J;
Claessens M
Strain Imaging: Key to the Specific Left Ventricular Diastolic Properties in Endurance Trained Athletes
Athlet - Elasitizität - Deformation
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 35-40
Definition of strain and strain rate. Keywords: Deformation,
Deformation,
elasticity,
Elastizität,
Schema,
scheme,
strain,
Verformung
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10990. Claessens P;
Claessens C;
Claessens J;
Claessens M
Strain Imaging: Key to the Specific Left Ventricular Diastolic Properties in Endurance Trained Athletes
Athlet - Systole - Geschwindigkeit
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 35-40
Tissue Doppler imaging; measurements of peak systolic velocity, peak E- and peak A-velocities in the apical long axis. Keywords: echocardiography,
Echokardiographie,
Gewebedoppler,
Strömungsgeschwindigkeit,
Systole,
Systole,
Tissue Doppler,
velocity
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10991. Claessens P;
Claessens C;
Claessens J;
Claessens M
Strain Imaging: Key to the Specific Left Ventricular Diastolic Properties in Endurance Trained Athletes
Athlet - Herz - Volumen
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 35-40
Parasternal long axis view (A), and longitudinal or apical long axis view (B) (T = transducer, B = basal site, M = middle site, A = apical site, IVS = interventricular septum, PW = posterior wall,
LV = left ventricle, RV = right ventricle, LA = left atrium, Ao = aorta). Keywords: interventricular septum,
Interventrikuläres Septum,
Schema,
scheme,
ventricle,
Ventrikel
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10992. Claessens P;
Claessens C;
Claessens J;
Claessens M
Strain Imaging: Key to the Specific Left Ventricular Diastolic Properties in Endurance Trained Athletes
Athlet - ASEAC - Messung
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 35-40
Method to determine and quantify the ASEAC value. Keywords: ASEAC,
ASEAC,
Athlet,
Athlet,
Ausdauer,
diastole,
diastole,
echocardiography,
Echokardiographie,
endocardium,
Endokard,
Endurance,
interventricular septum,
Interventrikuläres Septum,
left ventricle,
linker Ventrikel,
M-Mode,
M-Mode
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10993. Kuch B;
Axmann J;
Bolte H-D;
Hense H-W;
Parvanov T
Prognostic Significance of Short-Period Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Era of Modern Infarction Therapy
Herzfrequenz - Variabilität
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 23-27
Cumulative survival or being free of any event (death of any cause or nonfatal myocardial infarction or recurrent angina pectoris
requiring hospitalization) for patients with below vs. above the cut-points for LF-power (log rank test p < 0.01). Keywords: Angina pectoris,
Angina pectoris,
diagram,
Diagramm,
heart rate,
Herzfrequenz,
Kaplan-Meier-Kurve,
Kaplan-Meier-Kurve,
myocardial infarction,
Myokardinfarkt,
survival,
Überleben
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10994. Kuch B;
Axmann J;
Bolte H-D;
Hense H-W;
Parvanov T
Prognostic Significance of Short-Period Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Era of Modern Infarction Therapy
Herzfrequenz - Variabilität
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 23-27
Relative risks (hazard ratio according to the Cox proportional model with 95 % confidence intervals) for predefined endpoints for patients below
(<) vs. above (>) the respective cut-points for HRV-parameters (< 3.258 ms2 for LF-power; < 2.76 ms2 for HF-power; < 4.83 ms2 for TF-power). Keywords: arrhythmia,
Arrhythmie,
diagram,
Diagramm,
heart rate,
Herzfrequenz,
plötzlicher Herztod,
Risiko,
risk,
sudden death,
variability,
Variabilität
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10995. Gasser S;
Bareza N;
Gasser R;
Klein W
Iatrogenic Coronary Fistula in Post Transplant Patients: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features and Therapy
Koronarfistel
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 19-21
Dilated left anterior descending branch with small aneurysm and preinsertion stenosis draining into the right ventricle; the intensive flow through the fistula can be derived from a marked opacification
of the right ventricle. Keywords: Angiographie,
angiography,
Fistel,
fistula,
rechter Ventrikel,
right ventricle
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10996. Gasser S;
Bareza N;
Gasser R;
Klein W
Iatrogenic Coronary Fistula in Post Transplant Patients: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features and Therapy
Koronarfistel
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 19-21
Post biopsy coronary fistula in a cardiac transplant patient. Colour flow imaging shows the drainage through the fistula into the right ventricle (white area above arrow which indicates insertion of
the fistula). Transthoracal echocardiography constitutes an easily applicable means for the detection of post-biopsy coronary fistulae
in transplant patients. Keywords: Biopsie,
biopsy,
echocardiography,
Echokardiographie,
Fistel,
fistula,
rechter Ventrikel,
right ventricle
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10997. Gasser S;
Bareza N;
Gasser R;
Klein W
Iatrogenic Coronary Fistula in Post Transplant Patients: Pathogenesis, Clinical Features and Therapy
Koronarfistel
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 19-21
Transthoracic echocardiographic image of the right
ventricle (RV) and the huge, dilated left coronary artery (left anterior descending branch; LAD) in a post transplant patient suffering from left coronary artery fistula into the right ventricle. Keywords: coronary artery,
echocardiography,
Echokardiographie,
Fistel,
fistula,
Koronararterie,
rechter Ventrikel,
right ventricle
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10998. Standen NB
KATP Channels in Vascular Smooth Muscle: Structure, Regulation and Functional Roles
KTP-Kanal - Regulation
Journal of Clinical and Basic Cardiology 2003; 6 (1-4): 7-14
Schematic diagram of factors that regulate vascular KATP channels. Activation pathways are shown with solid arrows and inhibitory pathways with dotted arrows. The A-kinase anchoring
protein (AKAP) may be important in localising key regulatory enzymes close to the channel to form a regulatory complex. Many vasodilators act through adenylyl cyclase (AC) and PKA to cause
channel activation, while PKA also provides tonic channel activation. Vasoconstrictors acting through phospholipase C (PLC) inhibit the channel through PKC and might also do so by activation of
PP2B or inhibition of AC. Whether these kinases and phosphatases act directly on the channel proteins as indicated remains to be determined, as do the detailed interactions between the regulatory
pathways and other structural elements that may link receptors, AKAP and channel into a signalling complex. Keywords: KATP-channel,
KTP-Kanal,
Regulation,
Regulation,
Schema,
scheme,
vasoconstriction,
Vasodilatation,
Vasodilatation,
Vasokonstriktion
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